Political Conflict in the 2024 Election: A Study Between Conceptualization, Typology, Accelerator, and Management
Abstract
The 2024 election is one of the most complex electoral contests in the history of Indonesian democracy because it involves the simultaneous election of the president and vice president and legislative members. This complexity has the potential to give rise to political conflicts in various forms and levels of escalation. This study aims to analyze political conflicts in the 2024 election through four main aspects, namely conceptualization, typology, accelerators, and conflict management. The research uses a literature review method by examining relevant scientific articles, books, and legal documents published in the 2019–2026 period. The data was analyzed thematically to identify patterns, sources, driving factors, and mechanisms for managing political conflicts in electoral contestation. The results of the study show that political conflicts in the 2024 election can be understood as a consequence of contesting interests and fighting for political legitimacy that take place at the societal and institutional levels. Typhologically, conflicts are divided into horizontal conflicts between voters and supporters, vertical conflicts between election participants and organizers, and structural conflicts related to regulations and institutional design. Identity politics, money politics, patronage, digital disinformation, and buzzer mobilization are accelerators that strengthen conflict escalation. Conflict management is carried out through mechanisms of supervision, resolving violations, adjudicating disputes, and resolving disputes over election results through institutions such as Bawaslu and the Constitutional Court. This study emphasizes that political conflicts are not always destructive, but can be a functional part of democracy if managed through credible institutions, law enforcement, and civic maturity. Strengthening political literacy and civic education is needed to encourage democratic conflict management and transform electoral conflicts into constructive political participation.
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